A stunning mosaic floor dating back to the Late Classical period has been unearthed in Eretria, Greece, during the installation of a new water pipeline.
The discovery, announced by the Greek Ministry of Culture, was made in the heart of the ancient city and features a detailed depiction of two satyrs, mythical companions of the god Dionysus, known for their love of wine, music, and revelry.
The mosaic was found in a four-sided room within a house from the mid-4th century BCE. Measuring 3.50 meters by 3.55 meters, the room is defined by walls on the south and east sides. The northern and western walls remain unexcavated due to the constraints of the trench and the presence of the municipal road surface.
Crafted from natural pebbles of various colors—including white, black, red, and yellow—the mosaic depicts two male figures with animal-like features such as tails, horns, and pointed ears. One satyr, youthful and playing a double flute, is contrasted by an older, bearded satyr who appears to be dancing. The use of yellow pebbles to render their hair adds a striking touch of realism to the figures.
This room likely served as an andron, a space used for gatherings, banquets, and other celebrations. The depiction of satyrs in a state of joyful revelry aligns with the room’s intended use for such festive occasions. Similar structures have been found in other luxurious houses of the same period in Eretria, known for their central courtyards surrounded by private and public spaces.
After its original use, the room was repurposed as a cemetery during the early Christian era (5th-6th century CE). Archaeologists discovered five tombs within the embankment of the room and another five just outside it.
The discovery was made as part of the “Replacement of the Eretria Water Supply Network” project, funded by the Operational Program “Transport Infrastructure, Environment, and Sustainable Development 2014-2020.” The project is monitored by the Euboea Ephorate of Antiquities, whose specialized personnel oversaw the excavation.
“The excellent state of preservation and the uniqueness of the central medallion depicting the satyrs make this mosaic a significant addition to our understanding of ancient Greek art and domestic life,” Dr. Ioannis Pappas, a researcher with the Euboea Ephorate of Antiquities, told Greek Reporter.
To ensure the protection of the mosaic, the local Council of Monuments of Central Greece decided to temporarily cover it and reroute the water pipeline. This measure will safeguard the mosaic while allowing for future studies.
Eretria, a significant maritime power in ancient Greece, boasts an impressive array of ruins, including a 5th-century BCE theatre, a 4th-century BCE temple, baths, walls, a gymnasium, and the renowned “House of Mosaics,” which features other intricate pebble mosaics from around 370 BCE.
