• About
  • Privacy Policy
  • Terms of Use
  • Donation
  • Contact
No Result
View All Result
Archaeology News
  • Home
  • News
    • Archaeology
    • Anthropology
    • Paleontology
  • Academics
    • Books
    • Conferences
    • Universities
  • Articles
  • VR Tours
  • Quiz & Game
  • Download
  • Encyclopedia
  • Forum
Archaeology News
No Result
View All Result
Home News Anthropology

Infamous robber Schinderhannes identified after 220-year-old skeleton mix-up

by Dario Radley
March 26, 2025

A 220-year-old mystery surrounding the remains of infamous German outlaw Johannes Bückler, known as “Schinderhannes,” has at last been solved. An international research team used cutting-edge forensic techniques to confirm that a skeleton long thought to be that of another criminal, “Schwarzer Jonas” (Black Jonas), is in fact Schinderhannes. The true destiny of Schwarzer Jonas’ remains remains a secret.

Infamous robber Schinderhannes identified after 220-year-old skeleton mix-up
An 1803 portrait of Schinderhannes, Painting by K. H. Ernst (left). Genetic analyses have now also made it possible to determine the actual colour of his eyes, hair and skin, as well as to clearly identify his skeleton (right). Credit: left: Stadtarchiv Mainz; right: W. Parson et al., Forensic Science International. Genetics (2025)

Schinderhannes was one of the most infamous German robbers of his day, responsible for more than 200 crimes, ranging from theft and extortion to robbery. His life of crime ended in 1802 when he and a group of accomplices were arrested in Mainz, which was then under French rule. A year later, on November 21, 1803, he and 18 others, including Schwarzer Jonas, were guillotined in front of 30,000 spectators.

Two years later, Jacob Fidelis Ackermann, the University of Heidelberg’s first professor of anatomy, acquired the skeletons of Schinderhannes and Schwarzer Jonas for scientific examination. At some point in the early 19th century, though, the identification labels on the remains were accidentally swapped, and this misidentification persisted for centuries. Eventually, the skeleton thought to be Schwarzer Jonas disappeared, perhaps removed under the false impression that it was Schinderhannes.

In the latest research, which was published in Forensic Science International: Genetics, an interdisciplinary team comprising scientists from the US, Austria, Germany, Sweden, and Portugal re-examined the skeletal remains using multiple disciplines, including historical research, anthropological analysis, radiologic examination, isotopic analysis, and DNA testing.

Infamous robber Schinderhannes identified after 220-year-old skeleton mix-up
Photos of the skeletons on display at the Heidelberg Anatomy with labeling until 2024: A) Schwarzer Jonas (Ind1_SJ); B) Schinderhannes (Ind2_SH). Credit: W. Parson et al., Forensic Science International. Genetics (2025)

“All these results, coupled with a careful analysis of historical documents, pointed to a possible mix-up of the two skeletons,” said Dr. Sara Doll, an anatomy specialist at Heidelberg University and curator of the anatomical collection.

RelatedStories

Ancient Egyptian genome reveals 4,500-year-old genetic ties to Mesopotamia

Ancient Egyptian genome reveals 4,500-year-old genetic ties to Mesopotamia

July 3, 2025
DNA reveals Poland’s first kings may have Scottish origins, challenging founding myths

DNA reveals Poland’s first kings may have Scottish origins, challenging founding myths

June 15, 2025

One of the most surprising findings in the research was the result of isotope analysis, which showed where the man had lived as a child and as an adult. The evidence rather decisively showed that the skeleton originally labeled Schwarzer Jonas was indeed Schinderhannes, as it matched what was known about his life in the Hunsrück region of Germany.

To further confirm this, researchers turned to DNA analysis. A mitochondrial DNA match with a living fifth-generation descendant of Schinderhannes supported the findings. In addition, a new molecular genetic technique, which can examine nearly 5,000 nuclear DNA markers, provided irrefutable proof of a family connection spanning five generations.

Infamous robber Schinderhannes identified after 220-year-old skeleton mix-up
Contemporary woodcut of Bückler’s execution. Public domain

The scientists also reconstructed Schinderhannes’ appearance based on genetic markers and concluded that he had brown eyes, dark hair, and fair skin—information that removes inconsistencies from historical paintings of the infamous outlaw.

Though the enigma of Schinderhannes’ skeleton has been unraveled, that of Schwarzer Jonas’ remains unknown. “It is possible that it was stolen or borrowed in the belief that it was the skeleton of ‘Schinderhannes’ and was never returned,” said Dr. Doll.

At the moment, Schinderhannes’ real skeleton is removed from public display for conservation purposes. However, visitors to the Anatomical Collection of Heidelberg University continue to be able to view an artist’s replica and also a model reconstructing his likeness.

More information: Parson, W., Alterauge, A., Amory, C., Heinze, S., Hölzl, S., Jahn, R. G., … Doll, S. (2025). Remains of the German outlaw Johannes Bückler alias Schinderhannes identified by an interdisciplinary approach. Forensic Science International. Genetics, (103276), 103276. doi:10.1016/j.fsigen.2025.103276
Share2Tweet1ShareShareSend

You May Also Like...

1,600-year-old tomb of Caracol’s founding king Te K’ab Chaak unearthed in Belize jungle
Anthropology

1,600-year-old tomb of Caracol’s founding king Te K’ab Chaak unearthed in Belize jungle

July 12, 2025
11,000-year-old feast in Iran’s Zagros Mountains reveals long-distance animal transport and early Neolithic social rituals
Archaeology

11,000-year-old feast in Iran’s Zagros Mountains reveals long-distance animal transport and early Neolithic social rituals

July 12, 2025
UNESCO adds Iran’s Khorramabad Valley to World Heritage List, highlighting 60,000 years of human history
Anthropology

UNESCO adds Iran’s Khorramabad Valley to World Heritage List, highlighting 60,000 years of human history

July 12, 2025
5,500-year-old 'Polish pyramids' discovered in western Poland reveal Neolithic engineering
Anthropology

5,500-year-old ‘Polish pyramids’ discovered in western Poland reveal Neolithic engineering

July 11, 2025
17th-century Gullberg’s fortress in Gothenburg brought to life through 3D reconstruction
Archaeology

17th-century Gullberg’s fortress in Gothenburg brought to life through 3D reconstruction

July 11, 2025
Neanderthals turned cave lion bones into multifunctional tools 130,000 years ago, study reveals
Anthropology

Neanderthals turned cave lion bones into multifunctional tools 130,000 years ago, study reveals

July 10, 2025

Comments 0

  1. Editorial Team says:
    56 years ago
    Disclaimer: This website is a science-focused magazine that welcomes both academic and non-academic audiences. Comments are written by users and may include personal opinions or unverified claims. They do not necessarily reflect the views of our editorial team or rely on scientific evidence.
    Reply

Leave a Reply Cancel reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Follow us


Instagram
247K

Facebook
110K

Threads
43K

LinkedIn
12K

Twitter
6K

YouTube
1K
  • Trending
  • Comments
  • Latest
Shipwreck Salvage. Credit: rawpixel.com / Public Domain

2,000-year-old shipwreck discovered off Turkish coast with remarkably preserved stacked ceramics

July 2, 2025
Viking age DNA reveals 9,000-year-old HIV-resistant gene originating near the Black Sea

Viking age DNA reveals 9,000-year-old HIV-resistant gene originating near the Black Sea

May 18, 2025
Neanderthals operated prehistoric “fat factory” 125,000 years ago on German lakeshore, study finds

Neanderthals operated prehistoric “fat factory” 125,000 years ago on German lakeshore

July 3, 2025
Exceptionally large Roman shoes discovered at Magna fort near Hadrian’s Wall

Exceptionally large Roman shoes discovered at Magna fort near Hadrian’s Wall

July 3, 2025
Genetic study reveals the origin and diversity of the Huns

European Huns were not of Turkic origin but had ancient Siberian roots, linguistic study reveals

June 24, 2025
$1 million prize offered to decipher 5,300-year-old Indus Valley script

$1 million prize offered to decipher 5,300-year-old Indus Valley script

Oldest ever genetic data from a human relative found in 2-million-year-old fossilized teeth

Oldest ever genetic data from a human relative found in 2-million-year-old fossilized teeth

A 21-year-old student successfully deciphered the first word from the Herculaneum scrolls, charred during Mount Vesuvius' eruption

A 21-year-old student successfully deciphered the first word from the Herculaneum scrolls, charred during Mount Vesuvius’ eruption

New evidence reveals the source of mercury in the mausoleum of the first Qin emperor

New evidence reveals the source of mercury in the mausoleum of the first Qin emperor

Oldest US firearm discovered in Arizona: a 500-year-old relic of Coronado's expedition

Oldest US firearm discovered in Arizona: a 500-year-old relic of Coronado’s expedition

1,600-year-old tomb of Caracol’s founding king Te K’ab Chaak unearthed in Belize jungle

1,600-year-old tomb of Caracol’s founding king Te K’ab Chaak unearthed in Belize jungle

July 12, 2025
11,000-year-old feast in Iran’s Zagros Mountains reveals long-distance animal transport and early Neolithic social rituals

11,000-year-old feast in Iran’s Zagros Mountains reveals long-distance animal transport and early Neolithic social rituals

July 12, 2025
UNESCO adds Iran’s Khorramabad Valley to World Heritage List, highlighting 60,000 years of human history

UNESCO adds Iran’s Khorramabad Valley to World Heritage List, highlighting 60,000 years of human history

July 12, 2025
5,500-year-old 'Polish pyramids' discovered in western Poland reveal Neolithic engineering

5,500-year-old ‘Polish pyramids’ discovered in western Poland reveal Neolithic engineering

July 11, 2025
17th-century Gullberg’s fortress in Gothenburg brought to life through 3D reconstruction

17th-century Gullberg’s fortress in Gothenburg brought to life through 3D reconstruction

July 11, 2025

Archaeology News online magazine

Archaeology News is an international online magazine that covers all aspects of archaeology.











Categories

  • Academics
    • Books
    • Conferences
    • Universities
  • Articles
  • Download
  • Game
  • News
    • Anthropology
    • Archaeology
    • Paleontology
  • Quiz
  • Tours

Subscribe to our newsletter

© 2024 - Archaeology News Online Magazine. All Rights Reserved.

  • About
  • Privacy Policy
  • Terms of Use
  • Donation
  • Contact

Welcome Back!

Login to your account below

Forgotten Password? Sign Up

Create New Account!

Fill the forms below to register

All fields are required. Log In

Retrieve your password

Please enter your username or email address to reset your password.

Log In

Add New Playlist

  • Home
  • News
    • Archaeology
    • Anthropology
    • Paleontology
  • Academics
    • Books
    • Conferences
    • Universities
  • Articles
  • VR Tours
  • Quiz & Game
  • Download
  • Encyclopedia
  • Forum

About  .  Contact  .  Donation

© 2024 - Archaeology News Online Magazine. All Rights Reserved

We use cookies to improve your experience and enable functionality and security of this site. Further detail is available in our Privacy Policy. By accepting all cookies, you consent to our use of cookies and use of data.